The paper presents the results of a study of the effect of nanosecond electromagnetic pulses (NEMP) treatment on some thermodynamic characteristics of polymers used in the production of fi berglass reinforced plastics. It was found that NEMP treatment of YD-128 epoxy resin, Polysystem VE-3701 LVP vinyl ester resin, and Polysystem YMI-100 polyester resin has a modifying eff ect. An increase in impregnation rate of epoxy resin treated with NEMP for a period of 0 to 15 minutes is noted. As for polyester and vinyl ester resins, their treatment with NEMP does not accelerate the impregnation process.

The paper provides an experimental validation for the relationship between structural changes in polymeric materials and the elastic and plastic nature of their deformation. It is shown that elastic deformation of polymeric materials is caused by conformational changes of macromolecules, including orientation of segments and their deformation. Plastic deformation is caused by the sliding displacement of macromolecules relative to each other. The prospect of using the method of dielectric spectroscopy for diagnostics of changes in the conformational structure of macromolecules is shown.

The influence of molecular weight on the technological and operational properties of PSF-190 polysulfone obtained in a dimethylacetamide solution in the absence of a stage of blocking terminal hydroxyl groups at the pilot production facility of JSC Institute of Plastics has been studied. The dependence of the melt flow index and intrinsic viscosity on the molecular weight of the polymer was assessed. Flow curves and thermal stability curves of PSF-190 polysulfone with different molecular weights were obtained and analyzed. The maximum temperatures for processing polysulfone with different molecular weights into products have been determined. The level of stress-strain and thermophysical characteristics of PSF-190 was assessed. Recommendations on methods of polysulfone processing depending on its molecular weight are given.

The paper presents the results of the synthesis of simple aromatic copolyether ketone and copolyether sulfone using the monomers 1,1-dichloro-2,2-di-4[4’{1’1’-dichloro-2’-(4”-oxyphenyl)ethylene}-phenoxyphenyl]ethylene and 1,1-dichloro-2,2-di-4[4’{1’1’dichloro-2’-(4’’-oxy-3’’,5’’dibromophenyl)ethylene}2’,6’-dibromophenoxyphenyl]ethylene. The copolyethers were obtained by high-temperature polycondensation according to the mechanism of nucleophilic substitution in N,N-dimethylacetamide. The structure, structure and main properties of the synthesized copolyethers were studied. The composition and structure of the polymeric materials were confirmed by IR spectroscopy, X-ray diff raction analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. It is shown that copolyarylene ether ketone and copolarylene ether sulfone are amorphous, well soluble in aliphatic and amide solvents, have good moisture resistance, good heat and fi re resistance. High mechanical characteristics allow us to recommend these polyarylene ether ketone and copolyarylene ether sulfone as heat-resistant structural polymeric materials.

This review presents current information regarding the advancement of synthesis and application of polyphenylene sulfides (PPS). The molecular weight characteristics of PPS are significantly influenced by synthesis conditions such as residual water content in the reaction mixture, the nature of the solvent, synthesis time, and temperature. In the past 10–15 years, there has been significant development in the direct functionalization of aromatic compounds with sulfur atoms in the presence of oxidizers and under UV irradiation. This method has been shown to produce linear polyphenylene sulfides with molecular weights up to 10000 under milder conditions. The review also covers applications of PPS in various industries such as automotive, aerospace, electrical, additive manufacturing, gas separation membranes and oil-in-water emulsions. An emerging application is the use of polyphenylene sulfide as substrates for photocatalysts in the oxidation reactions of organic compounds.

Polyimides based on 4,4’-diaminotriarylmethanes and pyromellitic dianhydride have been synthesized. Their solubility, thermal and mechanical properties have been studied. It is shown that the solubility of polyimides is associated with the free internal rotation of the triarylmethane fragment around the central carbon atom of the methane group and with the eff ect of the bulky side phenyl substituent in the initial diamine. It has been established that the thermal and mechanical properties of polyimides depend on the structure of the initial diamine.

The synthesis of oligoetherepoxymethacrylates has been carried out by esterifi cation of trialkyl triepoxide with methacrylic acid. The infl uence of esterifi cation conditions on the composition and yield of reaction products has been studied. It is shown that by varying the reaction conditions, the process can be directed towards preferential obtaining mono-, di- and trimethacrylic oligoesters. Synthesized oligoesterepoxymethacrylates have been used as a modifi er of epoxy resin. Self-extinguishing compositions were obtained on the basis of ED-20 epoxy resin and synthesized oligoesterepoxymethacrylates. The materials obtained by curing these compositions with amine and anhydride hardeners are characterized by improved physico-mechanical, adhesive and thermophysical properties.

The effect of metallized carbon multilayer nanotubes (MWСNTs) on the thermal and electrophysical properties and structure of elastomer was studied. Ultrahigh frequency (UHF) synthesis technology was used to obtain metallized MWCNTs. The composite was obtained by mixing the compound and MWCNTs using a top-driven stirrer. The electro- and thermophysical properties of the composites obtained on the basis of 3 different types of elastomers - Silagerm 8020; 8030 and 8040 – were investigated.

It is noted that the Silagerm 8040 based composite has better performance, but there is a significant loss of elasticity, which is unacceptable in many process applications.

It is observed that the packing factor F for Silagerm 8040 and Silagerm 8030 has a close value, but its critical conductivity value is 2.5 and for Silagerm 8030 it is 2.3. At lower values of thermal and electrical conductivity, Silagerm 8020 retains a high level of flexibility.

The result of the work was the creation of a functional composite that has a self-regulating temperature effect when exposed to electrical voltage. Applications of functional composite with temperature self-regulation effect include electric heating technologies, where elastic materials resistant to corrosion and external temperature and mechanical effects are required.

For a number of years, there has been a continuous increase in the use of polymer composite materials (PCM) in products of aviation and space technology. Modern multifunctional thermoanalytical complexes equipped with computer technology are essentially mobile laboratories. They are able to solve a wide variety of materials science and technological problems, both in applied scientific research and in quality control of products supplied to manufacturing enterprises. Using the example of experimental data obtained during the study of the curing processes of thermosetting semi–finished products (prepregs) of polymer composite materials (PCM), the methodological capabilities of modern devices for thermal analysis - differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and thermomechanical analysis (TMA) are shown, allowing to investigate and predict changes in the technological properties of prepregs in a wide range temperatures.

Recycling of accumulated PET waste (PET-W) is considered to be a cost-effective development, becomes an important global issue and is in line with the principles of sustainable development. The physicochemical properties of recycled polyethylene terephthalate were determined, and the structure and phase composition of the polymer were evaluated. The results of these studies led to the conclusion that PET does not significantly lose properties during processing, operation in the form of bottles and storage. The exception is the molecular weight value, which decreases to 19900, apparently due to hydrolytic degradation. The analysis of literature data revealed the conditions of glycolysis of polyethylene terephthalate waste. The glycolysis of PET-W was carried out under the defined conditions, the material balance of the process was drawn up, the results of which were used to calculate the degree of conversion of PET-W and the yield of the main product of glycolysis (88%). The glycolysis product was fractionated and physicochemical properties of each fraction were determined. It is shown that the main products of glycolysis are bis(hydroxyethyl)terephthalate and its dimer. This assumption was confirmed by IR and proton NMR spectroscopic studies, DSC analysis and counter synthesis.