A brief history of the development of rheology as an independent science in Russia and the formation of the Russian Rheological Society

This work examined the thermal degradation of several thermoplastic polymeric materials based on polyamide, polystyrene and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene to identify the temperature ranges of informativeness, within which the heating temperature following external thermal exposure can be determined from their physicochemical properties. In this study, simultaneous thermal analysis was used to determine the key thermoanalytical characteristics of the materials investigated, while infrared spectroscopy revealed characteristic absorption bands that indicate changes in molecular composition as a function of heating temperature. A correlation was drawn between the thermogravimetric indicators, thermal effects, and the chemical composition changes of the solid residue of the polymer material occurring during thermal degradation. It has been shown that for all the materials considered, the temperature range of information content extends from 300°C to 550°C. The results obtained can also be used for the diagnosis of unknown polymer materials, both initial and subjected to thermal destruction, and for assessing their fire hazard.

This paper presents the basic techniques for creating a polymer composite material with increased strength and resistance to impact loads, and the properties of polymer composite materials obtained using these techniques.

The effect of NaOH concentration on the curing of acetone-formaldehyde resins has been studied. IR spectroscopic studies of the obtained cured resins were carried out, and the thermal eff ects of curing as well as the physical and mechanical properties of the cured samples were determined. It has been shown that varying the amount of 45% NaOH solution taken for curing from 4 to 8 wt.% leads to the formation of curing products with diff erent physical and mechanical properties, which is due to the diff erences in the condensation reactions that occur. Thermal eff ects of resin curing at diff erent concentrations of NaOH solution have been determined. It was found that upon the addition of 4 wt.% NaOH solution, aldol condensation reactions occur, while upon increasing the concentration to 8 mass%, crotonic condensation reactions occur. Flexural, tensile, and compressive strengths of the resulting samples were also determined.

The structure of the synthesized polymers was validated through infrared (IR) spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance ([1] H NMR) spectroscopy, demonstrating the establishment of intricate ester bonds while maintaining the integrity of the furan ring within the main chain. The thermogravimetric method (TG) revealed that the onset degradation temperatures ( T 10) of the PAR examined range from 274 to 357°C, aligning closely with the properties of conventional petrochemical PAR. The selection of phenol has been demonstrated to signifi cantly infl uence the physicochemical characteristics of the materials. The application of PP guarantees exceptional thermal stability ( T m = 270–280 °C), whereas BP-based PAR exhibits an ideal balance of thermal stability and processability from the melt. The results achieved pave the way for developing sustainable super-structural thermoplastics tailored for advanced technological sectors.

Polyperylenebenzimidazoles containing dichloroethylene, ketone, and ether groups were obtained by reacting 3,4,9,10-peryle netetracarboxylic dianhydride with bis(o-diphenylamines). The synthesized polyperylenebenzimidazoles were found to combine good solubility with high thermal and deformation-strength properties.

The production of phosphorescent polymer materials based on industrial suspension PVC by introducing strontium aluminatebased phosphors with various emission spectra has been considered. The thermal stability of different types of phosphors was determined using thermogravimetry. The effect of phosphors on the thermal stability of PVC and the thermal stability of the polymer when used together with stabilizing additives was evaluated. The rheological properties of plasticized PVC compositions containing phosphors at various temperatures and their stability during processing in a viscous-flow state have been studied. The physical and mechanical characteristics of samples of phosphorescent PVC materials were determined in tensile tests.

For a number of years, the use of polymer composite materials (PCMs) in aerospace applications has been steadily growing. There is also a need to predict their properties at the early stages of production, and to optimize the manufacturing processes of polymer composite materials (PCM), primarily the temperature regime for molding PCM-based products. It is necessary to optimize the processing conditions for the existing types of polymer matrices (binders) and to analyze the processes occurring during the manufacture of PCM-based products.

The article presents the results of experimental and computational studies carried out within the framework of the implementation of the “Strategic Directions for the Development of Materials and Their Processing Technologies for the Period up to 2030”, comprehensive scientifi c direction No. 2 “Fundamental-oriented research, qualifi cation of materials, non-destructive testing”

The paper investigated the eff ect of primary plasticizers dioctyl terephthalate (DOTP) and diisononyl phthalate (DINP) on the properties of plastisols based on microsuspension PVC for coating tent materials. Indicators of compatibility of plasticizers with PVC, their tendency to migration, as well as rheological characteristics of plastisols in the process of “maturation” are determined. The viscosity of fi nished plastizols with varying ratios of plasticizers at their total content of 60 and 70 mass parts per 100 mass parts of PVC and the physical and mechanical properties of fi lm samples based on them were studied.

Data on the water absorption of porous fi lters based on polyvinyl formal over time are presented. It was found that maximum water sorption of approximately 835% is achieved for a porous fi lter based on polyvinyl formal with starch, with full saturation occurring within 200 seconds.

Water sorption during fi ltration with the developed absorbent was studied for four diff erent grades of hydrocarbon fuels. It was found that water sorption increases with increasing water content in the hydrocarbon fuel. The residual water content in the fuel after sorption does not exceed 1,5% of the initial value, and is no more than 1% for each fuel grade except diesel fuel (approximately 2%), which is suffi cient for safe fuel operation.

It was found that the porous polymer material based on polyvinyl formal with starch is a good absorbent of water from hydrocarbon fuels.

The article presents the technological concept of integrated processing of man-made materials, developed and implemented at the production site of TC Ecotrans LLC, which ensures the interconnection and recycling of material and energy resources. To implement this concept, patent-protected designs of technological modules have been developed for processing man-made polymer materials with various physical and mechanical characteristics and for the production of composite mixtures for various technological purposes.