For the first time, a model and description of the monolithic structure of reinforced plastics in one direction (1D-structure) is proposed in new generalized and reduced parameters (Θ, Θ/В and Θ/Sf), which allow to consider structure formation from the side of the reinforcing fiber taking into account its dimensions, packaging, surface size and content, and on the other, a polymer matrix, representing it in the form of three functional components.

RPCM are classified according to the structural principle into: non-reinforced, weakly reinforced, medium-reinforced, reinforced, highly reinforced, extremely reinforced and super-highly reinforced plastics. The critical values of the generalized and reduced parameters of the transitions of RPCM from one type of structure to another are established, according to the classification, andit is shown that the structural transition is accompanied by a change in the technological and operational properties of reinforced plastics.

For the first time, generalized and reduced parameters and type of the structure of reinforced plastics were connected with pressure of moulding and method of plastics processing into products.

The article presents the results of the analysis of the influence of the composition and structure of polymer composite material (PCM) with enhanced vibration damping properties on its characteristics. Experimental samples of PCM of various composition having enhanced vibration damping properties were made and their main physical, mechanical and vibration-absorbing properties were investigated. Factors affecting the level of properties of manufactured experimental samples were determined. The optimalvariant of the composition and structure of PCM with enhanced vibration-absorbing properties has been determined.

Technological properties – phase transitions of mixed compositions based on polyolefin thermoplastic elastomers have been studied. The melting point and glass transition temperature of compositions were determined by DSC and DMA methods. The influence of the type of elastomer on the melting and glass transition temperatures of a mixed composite material is revealed.

The results of a study of the kinetics and level of shrinkage during curing of systems based on the ED-20 epoxy oligomer with an amine hardener and active diluents (AD) of different nature, structure and characteristics (laproxides and laprolat) are presented.

The effect of the structure, AD content and curing temperature on the kinetics and level of shrinkage, as well as the glass transition temperature of epoxy systems with AD, is shown.

It was found that the most effective AD in the ED-20 + TETA system are laproxides of the E-181 and 703 brands, as well as laprolat 301 with a content of 0.15 vol.

Optimal compositions of binders based on epoxy oligomers with active diluents with low shrinkage (~1.5-2 times), initial viscosity no more than ~0.2 Pa·s at a curing temperature of 60°C, which guarantees high-quality impregnation of fiber fillers and high the level of physical and mechanical characteristics of reinforced plastics.

Using the carbodiimide method for the synthesis of esters, acrylates and methacrylates of betulin were obtained, with a monoester yield of 55.0% and 70.5%, respectively. On the basis of synthesized (meth) acrylic derivatives of betulin, homopolymers and copolymers with hydrophilic monomers: 2-hydroxypropylmethacrylamide, N- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) methacrylamide, and methoxyoligo (ethylene glycol) methacrylate were obtained. The solubility of the obtained polymers in water and a number of organic solvents was studied.

A procedure for the synthesis of borosiloxane compounds by the reaction of polydimethylsiloxane with boric acid upon heating in a cylindrical reaction vessel is presented. The mixing of the reaction components in the considered method occurs spontaneously due to the sublimation of boric acid vapor and its movement in a natural way from the lower part of the reaction vessel to the upper part through the volume of polydimethylsiloxane. The technique makes it possible to synthesize borosiloxane compounds without the use of special equipment, increased energy consumption, and chemical solvents.

Qualitative and quantitative composition of unsaturated polyester resin derived from known monomers mixture was investigated by means of NMR spectroscopy. To obtain the most comprehensive data of polyester microstructure 1H, 13C и {1H;1H} COSY NMR spectra were registered. NMR spectroscopy has been proven to be accurate and highly reliable method for composition analysis of unsaturated polyester resins.

The article presents a formalized model built according to classical thermodynamics that describes the polarization mechanism in a layer of wood in an inhomogeneous temperature field. The model provides the basis for a computational experiment to determine the parameters of the kinetics of the wood microstructure based on the measurement data of the potential difference that occurs in a sample in a non-uniform temperature field.

The paper presents the results of a study of the effect of the concentration of graphite, technical carbon, aluminum and copper on  the physicomechanical properties of nanocomposites based on polyolefins. High-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene and polypropylene were used as polyolefin. To improve the technological compatibility of the mixed components of the mixture, compatibilizers were used, which are copolymers of polyethylene and polypropylene with maleic anhydride.

Losses of oils during storage and transportation in containers based on soot-filled low-pressure polyethylene were investigated. The limitations of the standard method for determining the diffusion permeability of polymers for assessing the loss of oils from a container are established. The model for estimating the loss of oils during storage in a container was derived from the dependences of the reduction in the mass of oils on the conditional time, calculated as the square root of the time.

The volume, assortment and application areas of transparent thermoplastics, including as construction materials in modern hightech products and devices, are expanding every year. At the same time, parts of products made from these materials are one of the most sensitive elements of the product exposed to the environment. Assessment of material performance under the influence of environmental factors is carried out by conducting tests in full-scale and laboratory conditions. The use of physical research methods makes it possible to understand the mechanism and kinetics of the aging processes of thermoplastic materials and to increase the reliability of predicting performance under natural conditions. In addition, the use of the proposed research methods makes it possible to more reliably evaluate and, if necessary, correct the methods of accelerated climatic tests when comparing the aging mechanisms in natural and artificial conditions.

The article analyzes the efficiency factors of the use of polyethylene pipes with coextrusion layers of PE100-RC on the outer and / or inner surface of the pipe in the natural gas distribution systems. It is noted that efficiency factors are manifested at the construction stage and allow reducing capital investments in the construction of gas distribution networks. The proposals for amendments to the current regulatory documentation specifying the requirements to the design, technical characteristics, application, design and installation of polyethylene pipes in gas distribution networks are formulated, the features of the application of PE100-RC polyethylene pipes are presented. An assessment of the economic efficiency of the use of polyethylene pipes with PE100-RC co-extruded layers on the outer and/or inner surface of the pipe in gas distribution networks was carried out.