It was shown that the distribution of silica nanoparticles (silicon dioxide) and the size of inhomogeneities (heterogeneity level) in the epoxy oligomers and epoxy nanocomposites effect on the structure and properties of epoxy composites.

It was established that the maximum value of epoxy composites impact strength is achieved only when the particles of the optimal size (~ 150 nm) are formed in their structure from silica nanoparticles of different grades (BS-50, BS-100 and BS-120), sizes and specific surface.

The nano effect in dispersed-filled epoxy composites caused by the formation of clusters of silica nanoparticles of size ~ 150-190 nm was discovered and proved for the first time. It is accompanied by an increase in impact strength by ~2 times and proves the high efficiency of nanoparticles for creating impact-resistant plastics.

It was shown that monolithic ultrafine particles of powdered quartz (silicon dioxide) with a particle diameter of ~150 nm lead to an increase in the toughness of epoxy composites by only ~20% and are much less efficient than nanoparticles.

The problem of investigation of mechanical and electrophysical properties of polymeric materials crosslinked by X-ray radiation from a gaseous electric discharge is considered. The effect of radiation crosslinking on the mechanical strength and hardness of polymers is presented by the example of samples of various thicknesses (from 0.08 mm to 10 mm) of LDPE and HDPE made using crosslinking technology by X-ray radiation from a barrier gaseous electric discharge proposed in [1]. Experimental data obtained on samples of low molecular weight LDPE-107-02K and high molecular weight HDPE-271-82K made in the form of dumbbell, cut in accordance with GOST IEC 60811-2-1 from PE plates, are considered. To study the electrophysical properties and the depth of semi-absorption of X-ray radiation from gaseous electric discharge, LDPE and HDPE samples in the form of disks of different thicknesses were used.

The depth of penetration of X-ray radiation from a gaseous discharge into LDPE-107-02K and HDPE-271-82K was estimated.

Comparative studies of changes in the electrophysical properties of mechanical strength and hardness of cable LDPE under the influence of X-ray radiation from gaseous discharge and under the influence of an electron beam are carried out.

It is shown that the mechanical strength and hardness of LDPE and HDPE can be increased by at least 30% and 60% respectively via radiation crosslinking by X-ray from a gaseous discharge.

In this review the results of studies over the past 15 years of phenol-formaldehyde cooligomers containing card groups and crosslinked copolymers based on them are сompiled and analyzed. The data on the infl uence of the nature of the curable cooligomer and the amount of card groups in it on the properties of copolymers (strength, thermal and electrophysical characteristics) are presented. The regularities revealed allow to create copolymers with specifi ed properties which can be used as eff ective polymeric binders to create heat-resistant polymeric composites and electroactive fi lm materials for electronics and radio engineering

An effect of novel oligourethaneepoxide oligomers based on isophorone diisocyanate and oligo(propylene glycol)s of different molecular masses as modifiers of epoxy resins was evaluated. Modified epoxy adhesives are characterized by reduced viscosity, enhanced adhesion to substrate, that allows to use them in the variety areas of application.

The modification of polyolefi ns by polar monomers in the melt and solid state on one extruder was investigated. The features of changes in the physical and chemical properties of polyolefi ns with melt and solid modifi cations are studied.

The reactivity of comonomers in liquid-phase and solid-phase modifi cation processes has been compared. The method of grafting solid modifi cation, in which pre-ozonated polyethylene is used as a copolymerization initiator, has been investigated. High adhesion properties of the copolymers were found.

The effect of modifying additives of diepoxyketones of aliphatic and alicyclic series was investigated. It is shown that curing of the modifi ed ED-20 resin with the above diepoxyketones signifi cantly improves the physical and mechanical properties of the obtained compositions compared to unmodified resin.

The basic physicomechanical properties of dynamically vulcanized elastoplastics based on random polypropylene and nitrile butadiene rubber are considered. It is shown that the higher the concentration of nitrile groups in the nitrile-butadiene rubber, the higher the limiting concentration of the elastomer to appear rubber-like properties in elastoplastics. In order to improve the compatibility of the components of the mixture, a graft copolymer of polypropylene with methacrylic acid was used as a compatibilizer. In contrast to sulfuric vulcanization, peroxide one contributes to a signifi cant deterioration of the melt fl ow index of elastoplastics.

The influence of the methods of introducing carbon nanoparticles into the epoxy binder and their amount on the complex of physicomechanical characteristics of unidirectional organic and carbon plastics was evaluated. An increase in the breaking load in microplastic made of carbon filaments up to 86% due to the introduction of nanoparticles is shown. An increase in the compressive strength of unidirectional carbon-fiber specimens modified with nanoparticles using a wave machine, up to 32% in comparison with unmodified, has been established.

Data on the properties of biopolymer compositions modifi ed with polysaccharides and structured by glyoxal are presented. The mechanical, optical, and dielectric properties of composite fi lms are estimated as a function of the mass fraction of the polysaccharide components, the consumption of crosslinking reagent, and the holding time of the composition.

An approach to solving the problem of stabilizing the nozzle of the apparatus for the production of polymer products mounted on a robotic manipulator is proposed. An approach to constructing a stabilization algorithm with respect to a given program of spatial printing in the form of a solution to the problem of designing optimal controllers is proposed. The simulation of the stabilization process with simultaneous deviation in coordinates and velocities is carried out. The infl uence of the weight matrix values in the expression for the optimality criterion on the fi nal stabilization accuracy is analyzed.

The possibility of modifying the oil road bitumen of the BND 70/100 grade is investigated; it belongs to the category of viscous bitumen and is used for road works in the warm season, with an average daily temperature not lower than +5°C. The material is widely used for repair work, and for laying new roads. Copolymers of styrene with butadiene and ethylene with vinyl acetate were used as polymeric materials for polymer-bitumen binders (PBV). Their optimal concentrations were determined for obtaining PBV with increased heat resistance and elasticity. Carbon nanotubes were used as a functional additive to bitumen.. The physical and mechanical properties of modifi ed bitumen and asphalt concrete mixtures based on them are given. It was shown that the introduction of even a small amount of nanotubes into asphalt concrete leads to an increased shear stability and strength at diff erent temperatures from 0 to 50°C.

Polyurethane foam insulation based of environmentally friendly chemical components using novel foaming agents was obtained. Physical and mechanical properties of thermal insulation was investigating. The infl uence of foaming agents on insulation properties and production technology of preinsulated pipes, fi ttings and polyurethane shells was studied. It is shown that when using water and dimethoxymethane, polyurethane foam insulation has quite good physical and mechanical properties and can be used in the production of PI pipes, shells and fi ttings.

The article presents data on the increase in adhesion strength at the delamination of fluorine-containing rubber and composite F4G25 based on PTFE, containing 25 mass.% fiberglass. An increase in the adhesion strength during the delamination of modified PTFE with rubber based on fluorinated rubbers with additional surface modification of the fluoroplastic composite PTFE by 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxylane in ethanol, previously treated with a solution of sodium naphthalene complex in tetrahydrofuran, is shown.

The choice of the method of ultrasonic welding of polymer fi lms is substantiated, its advantages over other welding methods are noted.

It is shown that the parameters determining the performance of seam ultrasonic welding process for polymer fi lms are the amplitude of the waveguide oscillations, the welding static pressure and the speed of welding with a fi xed gap on a rotating support roller with self-stabilization of the welding seam thickness.