STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES
The influence of organosilicon rubber on the properties of an epoxy-urethane oligomer cured with a cyclic amine was studied. The physicomechanical characteristics of binders are determined. It is shown that the modification of the epoxyurethane resin with organosilicon leads to an increase in the values of the physicomechanical characteristics and the glass transition temperature of the binders.
The influence of an epoxy binder of complex composition and its individual components on the sorption and physicomechanical characteristics of domestic aramid fibers is considered. The data on diffusion mass transfer of epoxy binder and its individual components into aramid fiber of various grades are obtained. It has been established that the components of the binder, after penetrating into aramid fibers, can change their macrostructure, however, this practically does not lead to a decrease in their strength.
The scaling approach was used to the interpretation of the rheokinetics of poly(methyl methacrylate) and crosslinked polyurethane formation as well as of its in situ forming blend. It was shown that such approach makes it possible to characterize more completely the processes of phase state change of the system that can not be detected by the traditional methods of describing the experimental rheokinetic results.
The influence of the concentration of some organochlorine additives on the physico-mechanical properties of polydicyclopentadiene (PDCPD) is considered. The properties of compositions with a content of flame retardants in PDCPD in the range from 0 to 15 % by weight were studied. The results showed that flame retardants have different effects on the physico-mechanical properties of the compositions obtained, the dependencies are not linear in nature. There is an optimal range of fillers concentration (5-7 %), probably related to their molecular weight and compatibility with the monomer.
SYNTHESIS AND TECHNOLOGY
The paper presents the results of investigations on the production of allyl ethers of phenolphthalein-containing novolacs, curable without release of low molecular weight substances, and cross-linked copolymers based on them.
The modification process of ED-20 epoxy resin by synthesized cyclopropane-containing compounds has been considered. It has been shown that their introduction improves considerably physical-mechanical, heat-physical and thermal indices of the compositions based on the ED-20 epoxide resin.
ANALYSIS AND CALCULATION METHODS
Modern multifunctional thermoanalytical complexes equipped with computers are inherently mobile laboratories. They are able to solve a wide variety of problems in materials science and technology, both in applied research and in the quality control of products supplied to manufacturing enterprises. Using the example of experimental data obtained in the study of the curing processes of thermosetting semi-finished products (prepregs) of polymer composite materials (PCM), the methodological possibilities of modern devices for thermal analysis are shown. They allow investigating and predicting changes in the technological properties of prepregs in a wide temperature range.
A method for determining the temperature characteristics of the glass transition region of polymer and polymer composite materials using dielectric analysis is proposed. The method is based on the similarity of the dielectric analysis with dynamic mechanical analysis.
RAW AND AUXILIARY MATERIALS
The separate influence of the coupling agent, aminopropyltriethoxysilane, on the physicomechanical characteristics of polypropylene- and clinoptilolite-based nanocomposites has been considered. It was established that the introduction of the coupling agent improves the properties of nanocomposites. A comparative assessment of the influence of clinoptilolite particle size on the key performance characteristics of polymeric materials is given. The regularities of changes in the properties of composites depending on the concentration of the filler are revealed.
The effect of FPS-S polystyrene granules on the properties of PPU-240-2 polyurethane foam was investigated. It is shown that addition of FPS-S in the composition of PPU-240-2 reduces the temperature that develops during foaming and increases the density of the material. Replacing part of the FPS-S granules with partially foamed ones leads to a more uniform distribution of the granules over the surface of the foam.
APPLICATION
The paper deals with aspects of creating a single-component, fast-curing binder ACM 1216, capable of forming a matrix at low temperatures with a short curing period, having high enough strength and performance characteristics.
The prospects for the development of polymeric composite materials based of quick cure binder for manufacture of sports industry products are presented.
The characteristics of constructional organotextolites based on third generation aramid fibersRusarNTare investigated. It is shown that organotextolites reinforced by textile made from 14,3texRusarNTfibers have increased strength and resistance to moisture absorption, compared to serial aviation organotextolites.
Electrets polarized due to the process of curing of thermosetting resins on various substrates, including without the use of special physical exposure, have been obtained. These electrets have a surface density of electric charges about10-7–10-9 C/m2 and and are more stable compared to traditional electrets based on thermoplastics. The mathematical description of the electrets’ electric potentials is made.
RECYCLING
The issues of construction of dispersion-filled polymer composite materials (DFPCM) structure, its description using the theory of lattices, packages and generalized parameters and their relationship with the inflammability of polymer floor coatings on a noncombustible base under the influence of a heat flux of various density are considered.
For the first time, the fundamental dependences of the critical surface heat flux density (CSHFD) of DFPCM bulk floors based on epoxy and polyurethane matrices and inert filler (silicon dioxide) on the generalized structure parameters and lattice parameters have been established.
The parameters of structure and composition of DFPCMs to obtain a liquid polymer bulk floors by traditional technology have been determined. These DFPCMs have inflammability not higher than B2, so they are moderately flammable, i.e. non-flammable when exposed to heat flux under test conditions according to GOST 30402-96, which corresponds to a CSHFD value not lower than 20 kWt/m2.
Technological modes of forming a polymer composite material based on fluoropolymer and quartz fabric are investigated. Planning of experiment is carried out. Mathematical processing of the results is performed. Experiments were performed on industrial equipment. The material characteristics have been improved.
REVIEWS
The review of literature and patent sources, as well as advertising materials of foreign companies, available in the public domain, on the synthesis, application and manufacturers of vinyl-functional MQ-resins. The contribution of vinyl MQ resins in the creation of organosilicon materials, widely used in various fields of modern technology, medicine and in everyday life, is shown.