The paper presents the results of a study of changes in the physical and mechanical properties of polymer materials based on plasticized polyvinyl chloride of various compositions with the introduction of solid-phase flame retardants during extrusion processing. A mixture of oxidized graphite and ultrafine aluminum hydroxide was used as a complex flame retardant. Several key factors influencing the changes in physical and mechanical properties have been identified: the molecular weight of the polymer, the content of low and high molecular weight plasticizer, and the granulometric composition of oxidized graphite in a complex flame retardant.

The possibility of developing compositions intended for storing solvents and allowing the recycling of waste polymer multilayer films containing ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers (EVOH) as a barrier layer has been studied. The eff ect of the EVOH concentration on the density, solubility, sorption capacity, diffusion coefficients, and permeability of high and low-pressurepolyethylene, as well as ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymers has been studied. It has been established that due to the ormation of a continuous phase of EVOH in mixtures based on polyethylene (PE), there is a sharp decrease in the solubility of the compositions. Due to the intermolecular interactions of EVOH with EVA, the density and solubility of mixtures with a small (up to 20 vol.%) amount of EVOH exceed the additive values.

Glass-filled polymer composite materials based on mixtures of polyphenylene sulfide with aliphatic polyamides and the addition of ethylene-glycidyl methacrylate copolymer have been studied. It has been found that partial replacement of PPS with affordable polyamides allows for a significant reduction in the cost of composites while maintaining high heat resistance, good processability, and the ability to regulate strength properties.

Currently, the processing of polymer composite materials using FDM printing has become widespread in various fields of science and technology, primarily due to the possibility of customization and prototyping of products without the cost of molding tools. In this regard, one of the main requirements for products obtained using additive technologies is dimensional accuracy. Thus, an urgent task is to optimize the technological parameters of the FDM printing process in order to increase the dimensional accuracy of products.

Ionic conductivity and features of the construction of the supramolecular structure of polyurethane gel electrolytes (PGE) obtained using organophosphorus branched ionomer polyols (OPIP) modified with succinic anhydride (SA) have been studied. It is shown that the use of SA in the synthesis of OPIP led to a fourfold increase in the ionic conductivity of PGE. It was found that the combination of phosphate anions into clusters and the introduction of carboxylate anions into the structure of clusters leads to a change in the packaging of both OPIP and the polyurethanes obtained using them.

To create new heat-resistant epoxy compositions based on ED-20 epoxy resin, a method for the synthesis of 2-hydroxypropyl-1,3-bis-carboxymethylethyrosulfoimide saccharin-6-carboxylic acid has been studied. The reaction of 2-hydroxypropyl-1,3-bis-ethersulfoimide of saccharin-6-carboxylic acid with monochloroacetic acid was carried out. The composition and structure of the synthesized compound have been confirmed by data elemental analysis and IR-spectroscopy. The obtained product was used as a hardener-plasticizer for ED-20 industrial epoxy resin. For a comparative assessment of the thermal performance of the obtained epoxy composition, a composition of ED-20 + PEPA was also made. The optimal amount of the developed hardener-plasticizer was selected using thermogravimetry based on weight loss. It was found that the obtained compound hardens ED-20 epoxy resin under hard temperature conditions, but when using the UP 606/2 curing accelerator, the curing temperature of the composition decreases. Thermal properties were determined using DTA and TGA methods, and some physical and mechanical properties of the developed epoxy composition were also studied. It is shown that the obtained epoxy compositions have high thermal and physical-mechanical properties, which leads to the conclusion that the synthesized compound can be successfully used as a highly effective hardener-plasticizer for ED-20 epoxy resin.

The results of a study on the use of bisphenols A and AF as monomers for the synthesis of superengineering thermoplastics – polyetheretherketone and polyarylsulfone – are presented. The glass transition temperature, thermophysical, mechanical properties, and heat resistance of thermoplastic polymers synthesized on the basis of these monomers have been determined. Based on the results of the studies, the optimal components for the synthesis of superengineering thermoplastics have been determined.

A study has been conducted in the field of synthesis of soluble, thermo - and flame-resistant polyarylene etherimides based on bis(p-aminophenoxy)arylene and aroylene bis(naphthalic anhydrides). The efficiency of using bis(p-aminophenoxy)arylenes containing two simple ether bonds in the initial diamines as a comonomer of aroylene (bis-naphthalic anhydrides) for the production of polyarylene etherimides with high thermal and operational characteristics is shown. The influence of their structure on the properties of target polymers has been studied. It was established that the obtained polymers have good solubility in organic solvents and have fairly large ranges of softening and active destruction temperatures.

Polymer composite materials were obtained by introducing melamine cyanurate into polyamide-6. The flammability and physical and mechanical properties of the obtained composites were studied. It was found that the introduction of melamine cyanurate into polyamide-6 leads to a decrease in its flammability. It has been shown that at a certain content of melamine cyanurate, the physical and mechanical properties of the composites remain at the level of the initial polymer.

This paper presents a review and results of the work on the development of a benzoxazine binder used to produce flame-retardant and fire-safe glass-reinforced plastics using the VaRTM method.

The modification of titanium dioxide surface with octyltriethoxysilane and oligomeric short-chain alkylfunctional silane Dynasylan 9896 was studied. The eff ect of silanization on the properties of white masterbatches was investigated. An increase in the bleachig power and hydrophobic properties of the TiO₂ surface by silanization, a decrease in the amount of agglomerates and an improvement in the MFI of masterbatches based on modified TiO₂ were shown.

A technique for the production of unsaturated polyester resins based on recycled polyethylene terephthalate with a different content of residual low molecular weight reaction products has been developed and their main characteristics have been studied. The influence of the degree of by-products flashing off and the content of the active monomer-diluent in photopolymerizing compositions on the properties of the resulting structural materials is analyzed.

The relevance of complex processing of technogenic polymer materials is substantiated. The developed patent-protected designs of units and technical means for processing polymer waste are presented. The scientific and technical development implements the processes of stage-by-stage grinding of technogenic polymer materials with various physical and mechanical characteristics. The results of theoretical studies of the processes of stage-by-stage grinding of technogenic polymer materials in the developed and patented combined-action rotary-centrifugal unit are presented. Analytical dependencies were obtained that describe the change in kinetic parameters during grinding of polymer waste using disk cutters. In the real production conditions of Ecotrans Transport Company LLC and Chernozemye Ecocentre LLC, granulate was produced from polymer waste crushed in a combined-action rotary-centrifugal unit.

The adhesive properties of glues based on butadiene-styrene thermoplastic elastomers (TPE) modified with surfactants in amounts from 0.2 to 3.0 wt.% of the thermoplastic elastomer mass have been studied. The strength of the TPE–TPE and fabric–fabric bonds during delamination was determined, the contact angles were measured, and the surface energy and its components were estimated using the Owens–Wendt–Rabel–Kielble method. The primary statistical data processing and calculation of the Pearson correlation coefficient were carried out using mathematical applications. A data set on the bond strength during delamination and wetting angles has been generated. High-adequacy mathematical models for predicting the adhesive strength of adhesive compositions based on butadiene-styrene TPE, depending on the nature and content of surfactants, are proposed. A correlation has been established between adhesive strength during delamination and the total surface energy.

An algorithm for designing high-tech injection-molding compositions of dispersed-filled polymer composite materials (DFPCMs) with reduced density and weight of products with the introduction of hollow glass microspheres (HGMs) is considered. For the first time, the dependencies of the rheological characteristics of high-tech thermoplastic-based DFPCMs are presented in terms of lattice parameters (coordination number Z_i) and dispersed structure parameters (generalized parameter Θ). The possibilities for controlling the density reduction of DFPCMs with HGMs are demonstrated, and rational types along with the parameters of the lattice and dispersed structure for producing lightweight, high-tech polymer composite materials based on thermoplastic matrices have been established.

The paper presents the results of a study of three market samples of thermoplastic films based on various polymers (according to manufacturing enterprises): polylactic acid (PLA), thermoplastic starch (TPS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The initial samples were packaging bags with a thickness of 30±5 microns, labeled "compostable material". An IR spectrometric study of the samples was carried out, confirming the claimed composition. Destructive processes in polymer matrices before and after biotic (natural soil biocenosis) and abiotic influences (moisture, high and low air temperature, ultraviolet radiation) were assessed using strength indicators. It was found that none of the studied samples in natural soil conditions underwent complete biodegradation during the 6 months of exposure. It has also been found that materials labeled “compostable” react diff erently to external factors, which must be taken into account in their practical application. In particular, PLA-based films are stable in aqueous environments and insensitive to heat and UV radiation; PVA-based films, on the contrary, have too low moisture resistance but are more resistant to UV radiation and heat. Starch-based materials, despite their name, may be resistant to biotic and abiotic environmental factors. The results indicate the need to take into account the operating and disposal conditions when choosing “compostable” materials.