Investigation of the curing process of benzoxazine based on bisphenol A and aniline by the DSC method
https://doi.org/10.35164/0554-2901-2025-05-47-49
Abstract
The curing process of benzoxazine based on bisphenol A and aniline was studied using differential scanning calorimetry. Using the approach proposed by Vyazovkin, the dependences of the effective activation energy (Еα) on the degree of curing (α) were calculated in the MATLAB® working environment. The shape of the dependences of Еα on α revealed the complex character of the curing process.
About the Authors
V. V. Shutov
Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
I. Yu. Gorbunova
Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
References
1. Ishida H. Overview and historical background of polybenzoxazine research / Handbook of Benzoxazine Resins. 2011. P. 3–81. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-444-53790-4.00046-1.
2. Vyazovkin S., Achilias D., Fernandez-Francos X., Galukhin A., Sbirrazzuoli N. ICTAC Kinetics Committee recommendations for analysis of thermal polymerization kinetics // Thermochimica Acta. 2022. Vol. 714. P. 179243. DOI:10.1016/j.tca.2022.179243.
3. Ning X., Ishida H. Phenolic materials via ring-opening polymerization: Synthesis and characterization of bisphenol-A based benzoxazines and their polymers // Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry. 1994. Vol. 32, N6. P. 1121–1129. DOI: 10.1002/pola.1994.080320614.
4. Wang M.W., Jeng R.J., Lin C.H. Study on the Ring-Opening Polymerization of Benzoxazine through Multisubstituted Polybenzoxazine Precursors // Macromolecules. 2015. Vol. 48, N3. P. 530-535. DOI: 10.1021/ma502336j.
5. Vyazovkin S. Modification of the integral isoconversional method to account for variation in the activation energy // Journal of Computational Chemistry. 2001. Vol. 22, N2. P. 178–183. DOI 10.1002/1096-987X(20010130)22:2<178::AID-JCC5>3.0.CO;2-CO;2-%23.
6. Vyazovkin S. Evaluation of activation energy of thermally stimulated solid-state reactions under arbitrary variation of temperature // Journal of Computational Chemistry. 1997. Vol. 18, N3. P. 393–402. DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-987X(199702)18:3<393::AIDJCC9>3.0.CO;2-P.
7. Ishida H., Rodriguez Y. Curing kinetics of a new benzoxazine-based phenolic resin by differential scanning calorimetry // Polymer. 1995. Vol. 36, N16. P. 3151–3158. DOI: 10.1016/0032-3861(95)97878-J.
8. Hassan W. A., Liu J., Howlin B. J., Ishida H., Hamerton I. Examining the influence of bisphenol A on the polymerisation and network properties of an aromatic benzoxazine // Polymer. 2016. Vol. 88. P. 52–62. DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.01.041.
9. Sun J., Wei W., Xu Y., Qu J., Liu X et al. A curing system of benzoxazine with amine: reactivity, reaction mechanism and material properties // RSC Advances. – 2015. Vol. 5, N25. Р. 19048–19057. DOI: 10.1039/C4RA16582A.
10. Hamerton I., McNamara L. T., Howlin B. J., Smith P.A., Cross P. et al. Examining the Initiation of the Polymerization Mechanism and Network Development in Aromatic Polybenzoxazines // Macromolecules. 2013. Vol. 46, N13. P. 5117–5132. DOI: 10.1021/ma401014h.
11. Liu C., Shen D., Sebastián R. M., Marquet J., Schönfeld R. Mechanistic Studies on Ring-Opening Polymerization of Benzoxazines: A Mechanistically Based Catalyst Design // Macromolecules. 2011. Vol. 44. N12. – P. 4616–4622. DOI: 10.1021/ma2007893.
12. Chutayothin P., Ishida H. Cationic Ring-Opening Polymerization of 1,3-Benzoxazines: Mechanistic Study Using Model Compounds // Macromolecules. 2010. Vol. 43. N10. P. 4562–4572. DOI: 10.1021/ma901743h.
13. Furuncuoğlu Özaltın T., Catak S., Kiskan B., Yagci Y., Aviyente V. Rationalizing the regioselectivity of cationic ring-opening polymerization of benzoxazines // European Polymer Journal. 2018. Vol. 105. P. 61–67. DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.05.024.
14. Fan M.J., Zhou Y., Luan Y.H., Zang Q., Zhang D.X. et. al. Non-Isothermal Curing Kinetics of a Modified Benzoxazine Resin System Suitable for Hot-Melt Prepreg Preparation // Solid State Phenomena. 2017. Vol. 266. P. 128–134. DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/SSP.266.128.
15. Ručigaj A., Gradišar Š., Krajnc M. Kinetic investigation of a complex curing of the guaiacol bio-based benzoxazine system // e-Polymers. 2016. Vol. 16. N3. P. 199–206. DOI: 10.1515/epoly-2015-0250.
16. Barjasteh E., Gouni S., Sutanto C., Narongdej P. Bisphenol-A benzoxazine and cycloaliphatic epoxy copolymer for composite processing by resin infusion // Journal of Composite Materials. 2019. Vol.53, N13. P. 1777–1790. DOI: 10.1177/0021998318810841.
17. Bai Y., Yang P., Zhang S., Li Y., Gu Y. Curing kinetics of phenolphthalein–aniline-based benzoxazine investigated by non-isothermal differential scanning calorimetry // Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. 2015. Vol. 120. N3. P. 1755–1764. DOI: 10.1007/s10973-015-4544-x.
Review
For citations:
Shutov V.V., Gorbunova I.Yu. Investigation of the curing process of benzoxazine based on bisphenol A and aniline by the DSC method. Plasticheskie massy. 2025;(5):47-49. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.35164/0554-2901-2025-05-47-49
Views:
4
Email this article 
